History Of Programming

Programming Languages

an artificafial language which s used to write a sequence of logical inst that can b rum on by a comp s known as programmiing lang

a set of rules , symbol & sp words used to const comp prog.

Multics a network os , two companies spend money on this but after a delay then they moved back but two scientists from bell lab dennis & ken on another proj unix n C that's y it's said that c ws designed for j& by prrogrammer but after the populaaruty of c many comp produced their own version of c so ANSI (1918) standarized c n 1983-89 c prog s often a sparse n verbose so n 79 simula +c =c wth classes in ;83 it ws improved to C++ adopted by a number of vendors including ms sun ,apple borland etc

programming lang = hll & lll

high level lang must be 1st translated n to machine lang

low leel language directly understood by comp differ one the basis of model of pc

r of two types assembly lang(alphanumeric symbol) & machine lang (0 1)

HLL are :

FORTRAN	1954 , jhon backus , ibm, formula translation
B O	1957
FLOW MATIC	1958
ALGOL	1958 algorithm languag
LISP	1958 jhon mccarthy list procrssing lang
COBOL	1959 , grace hopper ,common businnes oriented lang, ibm
CPL	1963 ox & camb university students
PL1	1964 programming lang one mix of fortran algo & cobol
SIMULA	1964 1st ooL
PASCAL	1967-71
BCPL	1967 martin Richard
B	1969 ken Thompson
C	1972 dennis ritchi , bell lab AT&T on dec pdp-11, anis C 1989, iso C 1990
C with classes	1979 (simula + c)
C++	1983 bjarne stroustrap bell lab AT&T oov of C.